Definitions of Syntactical Terms (Andersen-Forbes)

There are several major differences between the AF and the Holmstedt or ETCBC databases:

a. The AF database has much more information for each word, including semantics and other specialized linguistic data.

b. The AF database can have multiple inheritance (more than one “parent” for a “child”).

c. The AF database can have discontinuities in syntactical word order, which shows up as lines crossing other lines in the Syntax Tree graph.

d. The Hebrew text in the AF morphological database does not have any cantillation marks, but only consonants and vowel pointing.

e. The word glosses for AF are contained in another special Tool module Any Bible text, or other single tool that can be read in Accordance, including reference texts and articles; may also be referred to as content or resource “MT-AFD Glosses”, and these glosses are made for each inflected word form and not for each lexical form The canonical (dictionary) form of a word, as with the other Syntax databases.

f. Many of the more specialized tag terms listed below can be found in the MT-AFD Glossary Tool module.

g. The tag underway refers to a empty tag that is not yet finished.

Summary of the AF morphological tagsSummary of the AF morphological tags

Verbal (v): The classes and tags for a verbal are defined as follows:

Stem:
q: qal
s: passive qal
n: nifal
p: piel
u: pual
h: hifil
o: hofal
t: hitpael
l: tafal
a: afal
i: ithpael
f: safal

Voice:
a:active The application, window, tab, or other screen element which is currently being used; sometimes called the "front" or "frontmost" screen element
m: middle
p: passive
t: reflexive

Family:
t: infinitive construct
o: infinitive absolute
n: noun-verb/noun participle
p: noun-verb participle
j: jussive
r: preterite
f: perfect sequential
c: cohortative
i: imperative
v: insistent imperative
s: suffixed perfect
m: imperfect
q: imperfect sequential
h: cohortative sequential
b: verbal participle

Number:
s: singular
d: dual
p: plural

Gender:
f: feminine
c: both
m: masculine

Person:
1: first
2: second
3: third

Semantics/valence:
e: existential
a: attitude
d: destruction
j: transitive
k: intransitive
m: movement
o: ditransitive
r: caused motion
s: stative
u: utterance
y: say
z: call

Notes:
Instead of person, the two infinitive tags in family use state as defined below under Noun.
The infinitive absolute ignores the state.
The two infinitive tags in family ignore gender.
The participle uses state instead of person as defined below under Noun.

Noun (n): The classes and tags for a noun are defined as follows:

Family:
c: common
a: all
n: numeral
e: ethnic
o: ordinal
j: adjective
p: nominal participle
w: divine proper
g: geographical proper
h: human proper
l: land proper
m: mountain proper
q: city proper
r: river proper

Number:
s: singular
d: dual
p: plural
c: collective
b: distributive

Gender:
m: masculine
f: feminine
c: both
n: neuter

State:
n: normal
h: normal, definite HA
a: normal, definite A
p: pausal
g: pausal, definite HA
f: pausal, definite A
m: determined
v: adverbial
o: construct
c: construct discontinuous
d: construct with HA
e: construct with A
x: suffixed
s: suffixed with HA
t: suffixed with A

Semantics:
r: [particle]
a: furniture
b: building
c: creature
d: deity
e: event
f: food
g: geographical name
h: human
j: jigger/thing
k: color
l: living items
m: medical
n: nature
o: mental state
p: body part
q: quality
s: spatial
t: time
u: utensil
v: vegetation
w: work
x: document
y: war
z: abstract
1: quantity
2: money
3: sound
4: existential
5: unknown
6: temporal locative

Pronoun (o): The classes and tags for a pronoun are defined as follows:

Class:
b: bound
f: free
d: demonstrative
t: deictic

Number:
s: singular
d: dual
p: plural

Gender:
m: masculine
f: feminine
c: both, was common

Person or state:
1: first
2: second
3: third
n: normal
a: determined

Semantics:
r: particle

Note:
If the pronoun is a demonstrative pronoun, then part d is the state; otherwise it is the person.

Adverbial (a): The classes and tags for an adverbial are defined as follows:

Class:
m: modal
a: adverb
d: do not
g: negative
n: not
u: behold
x: exists
y: still
z: not exists
q: interrogative

Subclass:
1: yes or no?
2: who?
3: what?
4: how?
5: when?
6: where-1?
7: from where?
8: why?
9: where-2?
a: together
b: afterwards
c: above
d: eagerly
e: suddenly
f: farther
g: then
h: here
i: inadvertently
j: thither
k: back
l: positively
m: thus
n: now
o: then
p: certainly
q: quickly
r: already
s: still
t: there
u: upwards
v: very
w: underneath
x: apart
y: yet
z: again
ø: only1
†: not yet
π: emphatic
®: only2

Semantics:
4: existential
r: [particle]
s: spatial
t: time

Conjunction (c): The classes and tags for a conjunction are defined as follows:

Class:
t: tight and
a: and
w: and then
c: also1
o: or
b: because1
i: if
s: other
u: but indeed
l: also2
e: because2
r: that

Semantics:
r: particle

Preposition (p): The classes and tags for a preposition are defined as follows:

Class:
e: accusative
f: from
j: in
k: like
l: to
p: with-1
q: with-2
t: unto
u: upon
v: until
y: inside
z: under
o: miscellaneous

Subclass:
k: because
a: at
b: above
c: between
d: after
f: for
n: near
o: because of
p: of
q: before-1
r: before-2
s: for sake of
t: through
w: without
x: except-1
y: except-2
z: except-3

Semantics:
r: particle
s: spacial

Particle (r): The classes and tags for a particle are defined as follows:

Class:
k: only ketib
x: exclamation
h: article
r: relativizer

Semantics:
r: particle
i: unknown

Summary of the AF nodal tagsSummary of the AF nodal tags

Discourse Node:

Type:
C: Clause
S: Sentence
D: Discourse unit
Q: Cue phrase
A: aim
B: but-rather
O: condition
N: concessive
R: reason
T: result
U: undesired outcome
P: time point
K: cause

License:
A apposition
B bonded correlation
C construct
D distributed apposition
E echo/repeat
G grammar determined
H supra-clausal coherence
I inverted modification
J juxtaposition
M modification
N nominalization
O obliqueness
P pre-position
Q cue phrase
R resumption
S suspension
U union or disjunction
V nested constituents
W waived/privileged
X subsetting constituents
Y supersetting constituents
Z mixed lists
@ definite
+ suffixation
– no cue phrase

Note:
The license codes can also be lower case to indicate discontinuity. For non-alphabetic characters, the only supported discontinuous forms is: + 8

Discourse-ready constituent node:

Type:
A: AND constituent
S: Syntactic-isolate

Form:
cc: discourse-level AND
cw: discourse-level sequential AND
ra: remainder of address, may not be searchable
ex: exclamative
vo: vocative
hd: header/label
xo: exocentric absolute/topic

License:
A apposition
B bonded correlation
C construct
D distributed apposition
E echo/repeat
G grammar determined
H supra-clausal coherence
I inverted modification
J juxtaposition
M modification
N nominalization
O obliqueness
P pre-position
Q cue phrase
R resumption
S suspension
U union or disjunction
V nested constituents
W waived/privileged
X subsetting constituents
Y supersetting constituents
Z mixed lists
@ definite
+ suffixation
– no cue phrase

Note:
The license codes can also be lower case to indicate discontinuity. For non-alphabetic characters, the only supported discontinuous forms is: + 8

Non-SR (non-semantic role) CIC (clause immediate constituent) node:

Function:
O: Operator
P: Predicator
A: Aspectualizer

Form:
ng: negative
qc: closed interrogative
gm: include
il: includer
rs: restricter
md: modal
pa: predicative infinitive absolute
pc: construct dual participle
pf: finite verb
pg: noun-verb participle
pi: infinitive construct
pq: quasiverbal
pp: periphrastic
pu: infinitive construct of utterance
pv: purely verbal participle
ia: intensifier infinitive absolute
am: amplifier infinitive absolute
nx: multiplier
nt: number of times
nz: durative

License:
G: grammatical relation
J: juxtaposition Note that this is not documented and may be an error.
K: open interrogative
k: suspended open interrogative
L: lapsus calami
n: nebulous CIC
S: suspended CIC
R: resumed CIC
Q: embedded clause with cue phrase
T: distributive
-: embedded clause lacking cue phrase
W: paradoxical

SR (semantic role) CIC (clause immediate constituent) node:

Category:
A: adjunct
S: subject
O: object
C: other complement
0: underway

Function:
pr: periphery
sb: subject
sj: Janus subject
o2: second object
ob: direct object
oi: indirect object
mc: cognitive complement
zc: aspectualizer complement
qt: quotative complement
sc: subject complement
oc: object complement
cr: core
00: underway

Semantic role:
C: Complement
P: Participant
T: Temporal
M: Movement
E: Enriching
N: Manner
X: Clausal discourse
0: underway

Semantic sub-role:
ag: agent
pt: patient/target/undergoer
xp: experiencer
st: stimulus
rp: recipient
dm: owner/dominion
ds: direct speech
is: indirect speech
ss: signified speech
da: direct action
ii: indirect action
sa: signified action
td: identified
kd: classified
dd: described
r1: equivalent1
tn: identification
kn: classification
dn: description
r2: equivalent2
ac: accompanier
iy: intermediary
al: alternate
bf: beneficiary
ml: harmed one
nv: involved ones
rl: ruled-over-one
za: time aim
zi: time interval
zo: time origin
zp: time point
lo: location
mb: movement bearing
mo: movement origin
ma: movement aim
mi: movement interval
ln: length
ar: area
ab: separation
cm: composition
co: cost
cp: comparison
dp: deprivation
in: instrument
qu: quantity
rf: reference
re:resource Any Bible text, or other single tool that can be read in Accordance, including reference texts and articles; may also be referred to as content or module
nc: number count
mn: manner
ai: aim
br: but-rather
cd: condition
cn: concessive
cs: cause
rn: reason
rt: result
uo: undesired outcome
00: underway

License:
G: grammatical relation
K: open interrogative
k: suspended open interrogative
L: lapsus calami
n: nebulous CIC
S: suspended CIC
R: resumed CIC
Q: embedded clause with cue phrase
T: distributive
-: embedded clause lacking cue phrase
W: paradoxical
1: partial grammatical relation
2: partial resumed CIC

Phrase node:

Type:
V: Verb phrase
A: Adverb phrase
S: substantive [noun] phrase
J: Adjective phrase
C: Conjunctive phrase
P: Prepositional phrase
M: Compound preposition phrase
X: Other phrase

Subtype for each above type:
V: (Verb phrase)
VI: imperative
IA: infinitive absolute
IC: infinitive construct
V!: jussive
VV: prefixed imperfect
VP: prefixed imperfect sequential
V%: prefixed preterite
Pv: pure verb participle
Pg: noun-verb participle
QV: quasiverbal
VS: suffixed perfect
V/: suffixed perfect sequential
A: (Adverb phrase)
Am: manner adverb
As: spatial adverb
At: temporal adverb
Vr: very
S: (Substantive [noun] phrase)
Al: all
Nr: nominalized clause
Ni: nominalized infinitive
Np: nominalized participle
[A-Zx#$!]N: noun (the first character is the semantic category)
[A-HJ-Zx#$!]n: noun participle (the first character is the semantic category)
DP: demonstrative pronoun
PP: personal pronoun
SP: suffix pronoun
J: (Adjective phrase)
Aj: adjective
Nu: cardinal number
OR: ordinal number
C: (Conjunctive phrase)
CC: compound
P: (Prepositional phrase pronoun)
e: nota accusativi
f: from
j: in
k: like
v: until
t: unto
u: upon
l: to
w: with
y: other
(Prepositional phrase body)
[A-Zx#$!]: noun semantics
a: all
y: infinitive absolute
c: infinitive construct
i: interrogative
r: nominalized
g: participle
p: pronoun
m: manner adverb
s: spacial adverb
t: temporal adverb
M: (Compound preposition phrase)
Fr: from
In: in
Lk: like
Tl: until
T2: unto
Up: upon
To: to
Pp: Other preposition
X: (Other phrase)
Ex: exclamation
It: interrogative
Lo: location
Ng: negative

License:
A: apposition
B: bonded correlation
C: construct
D: distributed apposition
E: echo/repeat
G: grammar determined
H: supra-clausal coherence
I: inverted modification
J: juxtaposition
M: modification
N: nominalization
O: obliqueness
P: pre-position
Q: cue phrase
R: resumption
S: suspension
U: union or disjunction
V: nested constituents
W: waived/privileged
X: subsetting constituents
Y: supersetting constituents
Z: mixed lists
@: definite
+: suffixation
–: no cue phrase

Note:
The license codes can also be lower case to indicate discontinuity. For non-alphabetic characters, the only supported discontinuous forms is: + 8

Summary of other word tags:

Genre:
A: AuthorToReader
D: DivinityToDivinity
d: DivinityToHuman
H: HumanToDivinity
h: HumanToHuman
X: Atypical

Subtype for Genre:
T: TitleA
G: GenealogyA
N: NarrativeA
V: InstructionD
k: RequestD
X: PromiseD
U: SituationD
P: AccusationDH
J: JudgmentDH
I: InstructionDH
I: InstructionDH
K: RequestDH
C: CurseDH
Z: PromiseDH
W: WoeDH
A: SituationDH
O: OracleDH
D: OtherDH
Q: QuarrelHD
L: LamentationHD
R: RequestHD
S: SupplicationHD
B: BlessingHD
Y: PromiseHD
a: SituationHD
E: OtherHD
t: TitleH
n: NarrativeH
q: QuarrelH
j: JudgmentH
l: LamentationH
i: InstructionH
r: RequestH
s: SupplicationH
b: BlessingH
c: CurseH
y: PromiseH
w: WoeH
o: ProphesyH
f: GreetingH
z: PraiseH
v: WisdomH
u: SituationH
H: OtherH
d: AngelHuman
1: ClayHuman
2: DonkeyHuman
3: HolyOneHuman
4: SatanGod
5: SnakeHuman
6: SpiritGod
7: Tree

Type of Speech:
@1 singleSeg
@2 singleSegEnds2
@3 singleSegEnds3
!1 singleSegBeforeIntrusive
#1 singleSegAfterIntrusive
A1 speechOnset
a1 1speechOffset
a2 2speechOffset
a3 3speechOffset
a4 4speechOffset
a5 5speechOffset
D1 speechOnsetInterrupted
d1 speechOffsetBeforeIntrusive
E1 speechOnsetEmbedded
e1 speechOffsetEmbedded
R1 speechResumeAfterIntrusive
r1 speechOffsetAfterIntrusive

Main Text Source (Genesis through Joshua only):
L: Lay
J: Jahwist
E: Elohist
P: Priestly
D: Deuteronomist
H: Holiness

Text Source Type (Genesis through Joshua only):
L: LProse
l: LPoetry
J: JProse
j: JPoetry
K: JGenealogy
E: EProse
e: EPoetry
C: ECovenant
P: PProse
p: PPoetry
B: PBProse (encounter prose)
b: PBPoetry (encounter poetry)
T: PTabernacle
D: DProse
d: DPoetry
H: HCode