Search with Grammatical Tags

Each word in a tagged text is accompanied by grammatical information including the part of speech and further details such as gender or tense. The available details are different for Greek and for Hebrew and related languages. Definitions of all the Greek and Hebrew grammatical tags are available in this Help.

Note

The Greek text sometimes offers variant tags. In this case a word may appear in the results which does not appear to meet the search criteria. This is because the hidden variant does meet the search criteria. The variants can be seen by selecting the words in the text and clicking Parsing on the toolbar or AmplifyClosed To select words or a reference and search for the selection in the text or tool of your choice. You can select the resource in the Library or Amplify menus. A triple-click is a shortcut which amplifies to the top tool of the relevant category. menu. Searches may thus yield false positives which you should check; but they do not give false negatives.

You can use grammatical tag information as either a stand-alone part of an argument, or as a further constraint to modify an expression such as a lemmaClosed The canonical (dictionary) form of a word or inflected formClosed The word as it appears in the original text, which may be modified from its base dictionary form.

The tag constraints must be surrounded by brackets [ ] and start with a part of speech (or ANY). Enter only enough letters to uniquely identify that detail within that part of speech.

When grammatical tag information is specified as a stand-alone argument, the search finds any words that match the stated criteria, regardless of their lexical formClosed The canonical (dictionary) form of a word. For example [VERB aorist] finds all the aorist verbs.

When grammatical tag information modifies an expression, an "at" symbol (@ Shift-2) must link the expression and the tag information. Thus, the argument αγαπαω@[VERB present infinitive]finds all present infinitive occurrences of agapaw (love).

The @ symbol links together any combination of tag information, inflected, lexical or rootClosed A root is a unit of a language that cannot be further divided, from which words are derived by modification. The root does not necessarily survive as a word in itself. The Accordance roots may combine homographs and therefore a single root may include roots with different etymologies and meanings. In Hebrew, by convention, the lexical form (lemma) of a verb is the same as the root. forms, and some commands, so the linked information all applies to the same word.

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On the Search menu, choose Enter Tag to view the parts of speech which apply to the current search text. Select a part of speech from the submenu to open the Select Tag Details dialog box for that part of speech, You can then specify tag details in the search argument. The @ symbol is inserted automatically if you use a Select Tag Details dialog box to enter grammatical information after a lexical or inflected form.

Select Window Help (Window menu or Opt++?) from the Select Tag Details dialog box to view more help on that part of speech.

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The [ANY] tag looks for any tag details connected with a word (morphological tag), without constraining the part of speech.

To search for a tag detail from any part of speech:

  1. Right-click in the Search Entry box and choose Enter Tag>Any Tag. The following tag is placed in the Search Entry box: [ANY ?].

    You can also press Shift++Y to place [ANY ?] in the Search Entry box.
  2. Replace the question mark with enough of a word to distinguish it from other details in the same part of speech.
  3. Example: [ANY fem plur] will find feminine plural forms of nouns, verbs, and adjectives, etc.
  4. Example: In Greek [ANY imp] is not accepted since Accordance cannot tell whether the imperfect or imperative is meant, however [ANY ind] does find indicative verbs and indefinite adjectives.
  5. Example [ANY accus]: This command will find Nouns, Adjectives, or Participles in the Accusative.
  6. Example [ANY fem]: This command finds all feminine words.
  7. Searching by case with the ANY tag does not include prepositions or improper prepositions, since the case tag for prepositions is the case they take (on the following word), not the true case of the word.

If you want to enter the tags yourself:

  1. In the Search Entry box, right-click and select Enter Tag>Tag Entry. The [TAG] command appears in the Search Entry box with the word TAG selected.

    You can also press Shift+G).

  2. Enter any appropriate tag.