Search for Words in Tagged Text

The words as they appear in the text are known as inflected forms. The word as it appears in a dictionary is known as the lexical formClosed The canonical (dictionary) form of a word or lemmaClosed The canonical (dictionary) form of a word. In both Greek and Hebrew, many different inflected forms can be derived from a single lemma, and several lemmas can be traced to one rootClosed A root is a unit of a language that cannot be further divided, from which words are derived by modification. The root does not necessarily survive as a word in itself. The Accordance roots may combine homographs and therefore a single root may include roots with different etymologies and meanings. In Hebrew, by convention, the lexical form (lemma) of a verb is the same as the root. word.

An example in English might be "approving" as the inflected formClosed The word as it appears in the original text, which may be modified from its base dictionary form of the lexical form, "approve" from the root "prove," with other forms derived from that root including "proof," "probably," etc.

All the symbols and commands can be combined with these types of words, in order to define almost any search. Complex searches are often easier to define in the Construct tab.

If you simply copy or type a word in the Search Entry box for a tagged text, the word is treated as a lexical form, so it finds all occurrences of words that come from that lexical form.

Thus a search for the Greek lexical form (biblos) finds all the forms of this word.

The easiest way to enter words in the Search Entry box is via the Select Lexical Forms dialog box (Search>Enter Lexical Forms or +L). You can also select a word in the tagged text and click Search XXX from the AmplifyClosed To select words or a reference and search for the selection in the text or tool of your choice. You can select the resource in the Library or Amplify menus. A triple-click is a shortcut which amplifies to the top tool of the relevant category. menu (where XXX is the current moduleClosed Any Bible text, or other single tool that can be read in Accordance, including reference texts and articles; may also be referred to as content or resource name), or right-click to use the shortcut menuClosed Also known as a contextual menu, acessed by right-clicking (or pressing Ctrl+Click, Mac only) over a screen element.

Enclosing the word in plain quotation marks (' or ") specifies that it is an inflected form so that only words matching the entry are found.

Thus a search for the Greek inflected form "biblos" finds only this form of the word.

You can automatically enter these forms in quotes via the Select Inflected Forms dialog box (Search>Enter Inflected Forms or +J). You can also select a word in the tagged text, on the Amplify menu, press Opt+Search.

The plus sign (+) before a word specifies that it is a root so Accordance finds all occurrences of words that come from that root.

Thus a search for the Greek root (+biblos) finds all the words derived from this root.

You can automatically enter these forms with the plus sign by pressing the option key as you select Enter Lexical Forms (Search menu or Opt++L) to open the Select Root Forms dialog box. You can also use this shortcut to select the word in text you are viewing: On the Amplify menu, press Shift+Opt+ Search.

Searching for roots cannot be combined with the exact form (=) sign. In Greek there are homograph markers to distinguish, for example, eis from heis.

In the roots, if there is no Hebrew root lamed-lamed is used for loan words from other languages, and nun-nun for not known.

Accordance normally ignores any accents or vowel points, upper case, and ending forms. Adding an equal sign (=) immediately before a lemma or inflected form specifies that all of these should be included in the search. Cantillation marks are always ignored except with a character search (see below).

Select Use exact form in the Select Lexical Form or Select Inflected form dialog box, or select Use exact lemma in the Select Lexical Forms dialog box to enter the chosen words exactly as they appear, with an equal sign in the Search Entry box.

Selecting a single word in a tagged text and amplifying to a tagged text automatically adds an equal sign to a lemma or inflected search.

The period symbol is used to search for any single character, including punctuation and cantillation marks.

Examples: finds any atnah, while finds mlk with an atnah.